双语学习：怎样做一场出色的英文演说

推荐：演讲时掌握的几个技巧
 
讲座是传统教学的一种方法，也许是最古老的教学方法。一些评论家认为讲座是一种被动的教学方式。然而，讲座并不总是被动的。有计划地进行有效的演讲将改变这种情况。


这里有一些计划演讲的技巧。
 
1. Don't Cover It All
 
1.不要说全部的内容
 
Base your lecture on the most important material, a topic that your listeners are likely to find difficult or material that doesn't appear in the text.
 
用最重要的内容建立一个讲座，你可以选择观众发现的困难或课本上没有的内容。
 
2. Make Choices
 
2.做出选择
 
Your lecture should present no more than three or four major issues, with time for examples and questions. Determine the critical message of your lecture and then remove the adornments. Present the bare bones in a succinct story.
 
不应该有超过三或四个问题，所以我们有时间来举例和提问。判断演讲中的重要信息，删除修饰语。提出了一个简短的故事梗概。
 
Listeners will absorb the salient points easily if they are few in number, clear, and coupled with examples.
 
如果要点数量不多，清楚并且有例子进行解释，听众们会容易理解。
 
3. Present in Small Chunks
 
3. 以小版块内容呈现
 
Present your lectures in 20-minute chunks. What's wrong with a 1- or 2-hour lecture? Research shows that listeners remember the first and the last ten minutes of lecture, but little of the intervening time.
 
以20分钟的小版块内容呈现讲座。一个小时或者两个小时的讲授有问题？根据调查，听众记得讲课的前10分钟和最后10分钟说的，但很少记得演讲中说的内容。
 
 
4. Encourage Active Processing
 
4.鼓励积极处理
 
Learning is a constructive process. Listeners must think about the material, relate new knowledge to what is already known, and apply knowledge to new situations. Effective instructors use active learning techniques during the lectures.
 
学习是有建设性的过程。观众要想学习新知识的快乐，把新知识跟已经学过的知识联系起来并且运用到新的环境中。出色的演讲者在分享中使用积极的学习技巧。
 
Listeners tend to prefer active learning techniques because they are engaging and fun.
 
听众们更喜欢积极的学习技巧,因为他们能够参与其中并且觉得有趣。
 
5. Pose Reflective Questions
 
5.提出沉思性问题
 
The simplest way of using active learning techniques is to ask reflective questions, not yes or no questions, but those that require listeners to think. For example, “What would you do in this particular situation? How would you approach solving this problem?” Reflective questions are difficult and will require time to think, so be prepared to wait for an answer (likely at least 30 seconds). Endure the silence.
 
使用积极的学习技巧最简单的方法之一是问一些深思熟虑的问题，而不仅仅是回答对或错的问题，而是问听众需要思考的问题。例如，“在这种情况下你会怎么做？你将如何解决这个问题？”冥想的问题是困难的，需要时间思考，所以要准备等待答案（可能至少30秒）。保持沉默。
 
6. Get Them Writing
 
6.让听众们动手写
 
The benefit of asking listeners to consider the question in writing is that they will have time to think through their response and feel more comfortable discussing their views without fear of forgetting their point.
 
让听众们通过动手写去考虑问题的好处就是，听众们们会有时间去考虑问题，他们会在讨论观点的时候表现得更加自然，不用害怕忘记要点。
 
Breaking up a lecture and interspersing it with discussion and active learning takes the pressure off of you as the instructor. An hour and fifteen minutes, or even fifty minutes is a long time to talk. And it's a long time to listen. Try these techniques and vary your strategies to make it easier on everyone and increase your likelihood of success in the classroom.
 
分层的讲座，可以通过讨论或者积极学习来减少对演讲者的压力。不管是听还是说，一小时、15分钟或55分钟都是一段很长的时间。使用这些技巧或转换策略使演讲更容易，并增加成功的可能性。